Adjustable Speed Drives -
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What They Are, How They Work
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Application Information
DC DRIVES - PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION DC drives, because of their
simplicity, ease of application, reliability and favorable cost have long been a backbone of industrial applications. A typical
adjustable speed drive using a silicon controller rectifier (SCR) power conversion' section, common for this type unit, is shown in Figure 2. The SCR, (also termed a thyristor) converts the fixed voltage alternating current (AC) of the power source to an adjustable voltage, controlled direct current (DC) output which is applied to the armature of a DC motor. SCR's provide a controllable power output by "phase angle control", so called because the firing angle (a point in time where the SCR is triggered
in to conduction) is synchronized with the phase rotation of the AC power source. If the device is triggered early in half cycle, maximum power is delivered to the motor; late triggering in the
half cycle provides minimum power, as illustrated by Figure 3. The effect is
similar to a very high speed switch, capable of being turned on and "conducted" off at an infinite number of points within each half cycle. This occurs at a rate of 60 times a second on a 60 Hz line, to deliver a precise amount of power to the motor. The efficiency of this form of power control is extremely high since a very small amount of triggering energy can enable the
SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier) to control a great deal of output power.
Adjustable Speed Drive
Application Information provided by:
FINCOR
Automation
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1724 Tomich Court